Results
Q1. What is the main purpose of the Instrument Landing System (ILS)?
Correct answer is – To give precise lateral and vertical guidance to aircraft during landing
Q2. Which ILS component provides lateral (side-to-side) runway guidance?
Correct answer is – Localizer
Q3. The glide slope in ILS gives pilots guidance about:
Correct answer is – Correct vertical descent path
Q4. The standard angle for an ILS glide slope is closest to:
Correct answer is – 3 degrees
Q5. The localizer operates in which radio frequency band?
Correct answer is – VHF
Q6. Glide slope signals for ILS operate in which frequency range?
Correct answer is – UHF (329.15–335.00 MHz)
Q7. Which of the following is NOT a major ground-based component of ILS?
Correct answer is – Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)
Q8. Marker beacons in the ILS system are used to:
Correct answer is – Provide distance information along the approach path
Q9. The typical color and audio signal for the Outer Marker (OM) is:
Correct answer is – Blue light/flashing tone
Q10. What does the Decision Height (DH) represent in ILS approaches?
Correct answer is – Altitude to decide to land or go around
Q11. If the localizer component of ILS is inoperative, what happens?
Correct answer is – ILS approach cannot be flown
Q12. Which ILS Category allows for landing with the lowest visibility and no DH?
Correct answer is – CAT IIIc
Q13. Where is the glide slope antenna normally located?
Correct answer is – Next to the runway near touchdown zone
Q14. What happens if visibility is below the published Decision Height and the runway references aren’t visible?
Correct answer is – Initiate missed approach
Q15. What frequency is typically used for marker beacons in ILS?
Correct answer is – 75 MHz
Q16. What does the Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) show in the cockpit?
Correct answer is – Position relative to localizer and glide slope
Q17. The standard minimum Decision Height (DH) for CAT I approaches is:
Correct answer is – 60m (200ft)
Q18. If the glide slope transmitter fails but the localizer is operational, what approach can be flown?
Correct answer is – Non-precision localizer approach
Q19. Marker beacons are being gradually replaced by:
Correct answer is – GPS-based fixes and Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)
Q20. Which organization sets and maintains ILS standards In India?
Correct answer is – DGCA
Q21. What frequency range do NDBs typically operate in?
Correct answer is – 190–1750 kHz
Q22. Which primary component onboard an aircraft is used to receive and interpret NDB signals?
Correct answer is – Automatic Direction Finder (ADF)
Q23. What is the key advantage of NDB signals over VOR signals?
Correct answer is – NDB signals follow the curvature of the Earth
Q24. Which of the following is NOT a type of NDB?
Correct answer is – DPN
Q25. En-route navigation using NDBs is possible because:
Correct answer is – NDB signals can be received at long distances and lower altitudes
Q26. What does ADF bearing indicate to the pilot?
Correct answer is – Magnetic bearing to the NDB
Q27. What is a major limitation of NDBs?
Correct answer is – Easily affected by terrain, weather, and electrical noise
Q28. What does NDB stand for in aviation navigation?
Correct answer is – Non-Directional Beacon
Q29. If an aircraft’s ADF needle points to 000° when tracking an NDB, what does it mean?
Correct answer is – The aircraft is heading directly towards the NDB
Q30. NDBs still play a role because:
Correct answer is – They serve as backup in regions where GPS or VOR is unavailable
Q31. What does VOR stand for?
Correct answer is – Very High Frequency Omnidirectional Range
Q32. VOR signals operate in which frequency range?
Correct answer is – 108.0–117.95 MHz
Q33. What information does a VOR provide to pilots?
Correct answer is – Magnetic bearing from the station (radial)
Q34. Which aircraft instrument is commonly used to display VOR guidance?
Correct answer is – Course Deviation Indicator (CDI)
Q35. What is the usual range of a VOR station at high altitude?
Correct answer is – Up to about 200 nautical miles
Q36. VOR bearings are referenced to:
Correct answer is – Magnetic north
Q37. What is a main advantage of VOR over NDB?
Correct answer is – Provides more accurate, direct bearing guidance
Q38. What is a VOR/DME station?
Correct answer is – A VOR co-located with Distance Measuring Equipment
Q39. What is a significant limitation of VOR navigation?
Correct answer is – Subject to line-of-sight restrictions and terrain blockage
Q40. What is a VORTAC?
Correct answer is – VOR combined with TACAN, used for military and civilian navigation
Q41. VOR is used for:
Correct answer is – Radio navigation for aircraft
Q42. VOR operates in which frequency band?
Correct answer is – 108–117.95 MHz
Q43. The main advantage of VOR over older NDB navigation is:
Correct answer is – More accurate bearings
Q44. A VOR station transmits signals that allow a pilot to determine:
Correct answer is – Bearing (radial) from the station
Q45. The type of modulation used in VOR for navigation information is:
Correct answer is – AM and FM combination
Q46. Distance measurement is not given by VOR alone, but can be obtained when it is combined with:
Correct answer is – DME
Q47. The Morse code signal from a VOR station identifies:
Correct answer is – The station identifier
Q48. A Doppler VOR is an improved VOR system that:
Correct answer is – Reduces site errors and increases accuracy
